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titleRunning multiple Tomcat 7.x / Tomcat 8.x / Tomcat 9.x embedded containers within the same JVM

Tomcat 7.x has introduced a class called TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory where the singleton has a static instance field and a final registered attribute which are not always in sync and cause unexpected exceptions. Due to this, it is not possible to execute Tomcat 7.x, Tomcat 8.x and / or Tomcat 89.x embedded in the same JVM, in addition running one of these Tomcat embedded versions one after the other within the same JVM but different classpaths might also fail.

If you want to be safe, prefer using the Installed Container.

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